The computations performed in the routine
noetherNormalization use a random linear change of coordinates, hence one should expect the output to change each time the routine is executed.
i1 : R = QQ[x_1..x_4];
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i2 : I = ideal(x_2^2+x_1*x_2+1, x_1*x_2*x_3*x_4+1);
o2 : Ideal of R
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i3 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization I
2 5 2 2
o3 = (map(R,R,{x + -x + x , x , -x + x + x , x }), ideal (2x + -x x +
1 3 2 4 1 4 1 2 3 2 1 3 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 3 11 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 5 2 2
x x + 1, -x x + --x x + -x x + x x x + -x x x + -x x x + x x x +
1 4 4 1 2 6 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 2 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
x x x x + 1), {x , x })
1 2 3 4 4 3
o3 : Sequence
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The next example shows how when we use the lexicographical ordering, we can see the integrality of
R/ f I over the polynomial ring in
dim(R/I) variables:
i4 : R = QQ[x_1..x_5, MonomialOrder => Lex];
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i5 : I = ideal(x_2*x_1-x_5^3, x_5*x_1^3);
o5 : Ideal of R
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i6 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization I
1 1 10 5
o6 = (map(R,R,{-x + -x + x , x , 2x + --x + x , 3x + -x + x , x }),
6 1 2 2 5 1 1 7 2 4 1 2 2 3 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 3
ideal (-x + -x x + x x - x , ---x x + --x x + --x x x + -x x +
6 1 2 1 2 1 5 2 216 1 2 24 1 2 12 1 2 5 8 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 2 1 2 1 4 3 3 3 2 2 3
-x x x + -x x x + -x + -x x + -x x + x x ), {x , x , x })
2 1 2 5 2 1 2 5 8 2 4 2 5 2 2 5 2 5 5 4 3
o6 : Sequence
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i7 : transpose gens gb J
o7 = {-10} | x_2^10
{-10} | 96x_1x_2x_5^6-24x_2^9x_5-3x_2^9+24x_2^8x_5^2+6x_2^8x_5-16x_2^7x_
{-9} | 6x_1x_2^2x_5^3-48x_1x_2x_5^5+12x_1x_2x_5^4+12x_2^9-12x_2^8x_5-x_
{-9} | 9x_1x_2^3+72x_1x_2^2x_5^2+36x_1x_2^2x_5+1536x_1x_2x_5^5-192x_1x_
{-3} | x_1^2+3x_1x_2+6x_1x_5-6x_2^3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5^3-12x_2^7x_5^2+24x_2^6x_5^3-48x_2^5x_5^4+96x_2^4x_5^5+288x_2^2x_5^6+
2^8+8x_2^7x_5^2+4x_2^7x_5-12x_2^6x_5^2+24x_2^5x_5^3-48x_2^4x_5^4+12x_2
2x_5^4+96x_1x_2x_5^3+36x_1x_2x_5^2-384x_2^9+384x_2^8x_5+48x_2^8-256x_2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
576x_2x_5^7
^4x_5^3+18x_2^3x_5^3-144x_2^2x_5^5+72x_2^2x_5^4-288x_2x_5^6+72x_2x_5^5
^7x_5^2-160x_2^7x_5+8x_2^7+384x_2^6x_5^2-48x_2^6x_5-12x_2^6-768x_2^5x_5^
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3+96x_2^5x_5^2+24x_2^5x_5+18x_2^5+1536x_2^4x_5^4-192x_2^4x_5^3+96x_2^4x_
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5^2+36x_2^4x_5+27x_2^4+216x_2^3x_5^2+162x_2^3x_5+4608x_2^2x_5^5-576x_2^
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2x_5^4+720x_2^2x_5^3+324x_2^2x_5^2+9216x_2x_5^6-1152x_2x_5^5+576x_2x_5^4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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+216x_2x_5^3 |
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5 1
o7 : Matrix R <--- R
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If
noetherNormalization is unable to place the ideal into the desired position after a few tries, the following warning is given:
i8 : R = ZZ/2[a,b];
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i9 : I = ideal(a^2*b+a*b^2+1);
o9 : Ideal of R
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i10 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization I
--warning: no good linear transformation found by noetherNormalization
2 2
o10 = (map(R,R,{a + b, a}), ideal(a b + a*b + 1), {b})
o10 : Sequence
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Here is an example with the option
Verbose => true:
i11 : R = QQ[x_1..x_4];
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i12 : I = ideal(x_2^2+x_1*x_2+1, x_1*x_2*x_3*x_4+1);
o12 : Ideal of R
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i13 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization(I,Verbose => true)
--trying random transformation: 1
--trying with basis element limit: 5
--trying with basis element limit: 20
1 2 3 2
o13 = (map(R,R,{-x + 8x + x , x , -x + x + x , x }), ideal (-x + 8x x +
2 1 2 4 1 3 1 2 3 2 2 1 1 2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 3 35 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 2
x x + 1, -x x + --x x + 8x x + -x x x + 8x x x + -x x x + x x x
1 4 3 1 2 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 3 1 2 4 1 2 4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ x x x x + 1), {x , x })
1 2 3 4 4 3
o13 : Sequence
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The first number in the output above gives the number of linear transformations performed by the routine while attempting to place
I into the desired position. The second number tells which
BasisElementLimit was used when computing the (partial) Groebner basis. By default,
noetherNormalization tries to use a partial Groebner basis. It does this by sequentially computing a Groebner basis with the option
BasisElementLimit set to predetermined values. The default values come from the following list:
{5,20,40,60,80,infinity}. To set the values manually, use the option
LimitList:
i14 : R = QQ[x_1..x_4];
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i15 : I = ideal(x_2^2+x_1*x_2+1, x_1*x_2*x_3*x_4+1);
o15 : Ideal of R
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i16 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization(I,Verbose => true,LimitList => {5,10})
--trying random transformation: 1
--trying with basis element limit: 5
--trying with basis element limit: 10
4 7 10 9 2
o16 = (map(R,R,{-x + --x + x , x , --x + 8x + x , x }), ideal (-x +
5 1 10 2 4 1 9 1 2 3 2 5 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
7 8 3 323 2 2 28 3 4 2 7 2
--x x + x x + 1, -x x + ---x x + --x x + -x x x + --x x x +
10 1 2 1 4 9 1 2 45 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 2 3 10 1 2 3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
10 2 2
--x x x + 8x x x + x x x x + 1), {x , x })
9 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 3 4 4 3
o16 : Sequence
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To limit the randomness of the coefficients, use the option
RandomRange. Here is an example where the coefficients of the linear transformation are random integers from
-2 to
2:
i17 : R = QQ[x_1..x_4];
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i18 : I = ideal(x_2^2+x_1*x_2+1, x_1*x_2*x_3*x_4+1);
o18 : Ideal of R
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i19 : (f,J,X) = noetherNormalization(I,Verbose => true,RandomRange => 2)
--trying random transformation: 1
--trying with basis element limit: 5
--trying with basis element limit: 20
2
o19 = (map(R,R,{- 2x + x + x , x , x + 2x + x , x }), ideal (- x + x x
1 2 4 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
3 2 2 3 2 2 2
+ x x + 1, - 2x x - 3x x + 2x x - 2x x x + x x x + x x x +
1 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2
2x x x + x x x x + 1), {x , x })
1 2 4 1 2 3 4 4 3
o19 : Sequence
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This symbol is provided by the package NoetherNormalization.